Repetitive Behaviors in Autism and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Published 12th June 2024
This systematic review investigates the differences and similarities in repetitive behaviours between autistic individuals, those with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and those with both conditions, highlighting significant overlap in how these behaviours can present. The results suggest considerable overlap in both the intensity and content of repetitive behaviours between different diagnostic groups, suggesting that evaluation of outward presentations of repetitive behaviour may be insufficient to inform accurate diagnosis of autism versus OCD.
The insights from this research highlight the need for enhanced diagnostic accuracy in order to tailor interventions more effectively. For service providers, understanding these distinctions is critical in developing targeted therapies that address individual needs, leading to more personalised treatment plans. For service users, this research emphasises the importance of seeking tailored diagnostic evaluations that go beyond evaluation of outward behavioural presentations, to understand the root causes and manifestations of their behaviours.
In summary, the findings of this review highlight that research aimed at understanding similarities and differences in repetitive behaviours between autistic individuals and individuals with OCD is limited and frequently only compare at total score or subscale score levels. Further research into differences in the presentation of repetitive behaviours at a more nuanced level (e.g., item level) is required to inform clearer differentiation of specific behaviours in autism versus OCD, and to shed light on potentially differing functions. Understanding and more accurately differentiating is essential for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and better outcomes for individuals with either, or both, conditions.
Citation
O’Loghlen, J., McKenzie, M., Lang, C. et al. Repetitive Behaviors in Autism and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review. J Autism Dev Disord (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06357-8
